Total Pageviews

Tuesday, 13 September 2016

The early Christian church

Our book for September is Philippians, and so to help me get a little background into the early church, I was pleased to find on my bookshelf “The End of the Search” by Marchette Chute. Some readers may be familiar with her excellent book “The Search for God”, and therefore will be interested to know that this book is its sequel.

Ms Chute explains that the early Christian church (Chute suggests there may have been about 100 men and women in the group) had no need of much organisation. They were all eye-witnesses of the word and works of Christ Jesus; they were united in their inspiration of what they had seen and experienced, namely Christ Jesus’ resurrection. For them, this made him the promised Messiah. Acts 2: 24 tells us that “Death could not control him” (Smith and Goodspeed’s “the Bible: An American Translation”). That was enough for these men and women, who were on fire with the Spirit. The small group was tight-knit, even down to sharing all their material property.

The Jewish hierarchy probably thought this little group would eventually die out or give up. Their leader had been crucified; now all could continue as normal. However, when Peter and John publicly healed a cripple, who was known to everyone as the inveterate beggar who hung about outside the temple, the authorities took notice and had them imprisoned. What’s more, now there were almost 200 followers: in fact Peter had a hard time stopping the wondrous onlookers from worshipping his shadow, so great was the need for healing.

Chute explains that these early Jesus-followers never planned to make a break-away church, but they knew they had found the prophesied Messiah, and expected others to recognize this fact too. However, newcomers to the faith had not had the first-hand experience of the original group and the growing numbers created a need for some organisation. The next step, then, was to call an election. One of those elected was Stephen, known for his remarkable healing ability (Acts 6:8). The Sanhedrin was perturbed; Stephen was arrested, tried, and stoned to death, with the result that the small group of followers of Jesus Christ ran for their lives in all directions.

The ferocious Pharisee, Saul, had felt impelled to stop the spread of this renegade group. He felt a strong need to defend the status quo and what he felt was the Law, and would do what it took to eradicate the followers of this suspicious new sect. But the meekness and humility of Stephen, even in the face of death, affected him tremendously, and enroute to Damascus, his life changed forever. Subsequently, he headed off to the wilderness of Arabia, where he no doubt went through much soul searching, with his new name of Paul.

Meanwhile, old lessons die hard, and Peter, who had struggled with impetuosity whilst his Master was on earth, now had to reinvent himself yet again. This time it was regarding his orthodox Jewish view that the non-Jew (Gentile) must first become a Jew in order to become part of the new group. But soon he found himself not only acknowledging Philip’s work among the Samaritans, but also dining with an Italian soldier (Acts 10: 28). Maybe there was more than one road that led to Rome, i.e., that allowed a person to become a follower of the Christ.

At this point Paul was still an outsider. Without the support of Barnabas, he might have stayed an outsider. Chute reminds us that “it was at Antioch that [the followers] were first given the name of Christians, from the Greek word for Messiah.” Even so, Peter and Paul were at odds over interpretation of the Law, in particular, of circumcision. This disagreement did not, however hinder their working together, and at a crucial meeting of the early church members, everyone was given a voice and agreement was reached. Noteworthy was James’ (the ultimate conservative Jew) support of Peter: “We ought not to put obstacles in the way of those of the heathen who are turning to God” (Acts 15:19), James announced.

Ms Chute surmises that Paul’s story as told in Acts imparts the sense of his struggle against “Roman authority, Jewish orthodoxy and mob prejudice”, whereas his letters reveal the “struggle with his own churches.” She recounts “misunderstanding with the Mother Church in Jerusalem; …lack of funds, disloyalty and constant physical danger…” Could no-one capture his vision? While he had learned to communicate empathetically with those of all languages, backgrounds, and persuasions, and was successful beyond measure in founding flourishing churches, his ultimate mission was that each individual glimpse the reality of God in his own life.

Paul wrote letters in order to keep in touch with the various groups established. They were letters of instruction, encouragement and friendship, and were meant for a specific group at a specific time. Thus the modern reader must take care in interpreting them, bearing in mind that Paul had been raised and schooled as a Pharisee. Chute reminds us that Paul describes himself thus: “I surpassed many of my own age among my people in my devotion to Judaism, I was so fanatically devoted to what my forefathers had handed down” (Galatians 1: 14).  

So what did Paul believe? Perhaps, that “the Law could not help a man to be good. It could only punish him if he failed…”, and that the Christly way “did not punish the sinner but instead destroyed the sin.”


Julie Swannell

No comments:

Popular Posts